To investigate the response of corn to combined application of chemical fertilizers with rhizobacteria plant GROWTH promoting, an experiment was conducted in 2017 at Research farm of Agricultural and Natural Resources Campus of Tehran University, Karaj, Iran, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Four nutritional treatments including T1 (Control treatment without applying fertilizer), T2 (Just PGPRs), T3 (Use chemical fertilizers based on soil test) and T4 (T3 + PGPRs) were considered. According to the results, the highest total dry weight (3.9 kg/m2), crop GROWTH rate (79.8 g.m-2.day-1), net assimilation rate (15.3 g.m-2.day-1) and GRAIN yield (18.2 ton.ha-1) were observed in T4 treatment and T2 treatment produced the highest  leaf area index (5.3), leaf area duration (205.2) and specific leaf weight (78.5 g.m-2) . Also, the lowest value of all traits was observed in in T1 (control) treatment. The results showed that the presence of rhizobacteria plant GROWTH promotioninduction in the corn nutrition program increased the GROWTH and GROWTH indices of the plant. Combined application of chemical fertilizers with rhizobacteria plant GROWTH promoting resulted in the highest GROWTH and final GRAIN yield of corn.

Due to having spring and autumn genotypes and adaptation to weather conditions, rapeseed is considered as a point hope to provide edible oil of country. Two separate experiments were set up as split-plot in a RCBD design with three replications in two fall and winter seasons during two years (2014-2015 and 2015-2016) at the research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute to investigate the effect of sowing season and date on the quantitative and qualitative yields of rapeseed genotypes in Karaj, Iran. In this study, the main plots were sowing dates (7, 17, and 27 October in fall sowing and 9 and 19 February, and 1 March in winter sowings) and sub-plots consisted of genotypes (RGS003, Dalgan, Zabol10, Hyola401, and Hyola4815). Rapeseed genotypes GRAIN and oil yields were 4330 and 1840 kg ha-1 in fall sowing, respectively, while these traits were decreased 43.3 and 46.6% respectively, when rapeseed genotypes were planted in winter season. The highest GRAIN and oil yields (5033 and 2202 kg ha-1) belonged to 7 October sowing date in fall sowing, while 9 February had the highest GRAIN and oil yields (2996 and 1248 kg ha-1) in winter sowing. In general, the Dalgan genotype is recommended for cultivation due to suitable agronomic traits such as number of silique per plant, number of GRAIN per silique, silique length, 1000-GRAIN weight, as well as high GRAIN and oil yields in cold temperate regions with arid and semi-arid climates such as Karaj, Iran.

To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and water withholding in vegetative GROWTH stage of corn on efficacy of nicosulfuron and 2,4-D+ MCPA an experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Tarbiat Modares University in 2017. The first factor contained four treatments including application of nicosulfuron, 2,4-D+ MCPA, weed free and weed infested as control. The second factor consisted of normal irrigation and water withholding from 4 to 8 leaf stage. Third factor contained either urea application or no fertilizer application. Normal irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application significantly increased nicosulfuron and 2,4-D+ MCPA efficacy in weed control and total weed dry weight decreased to 341 and 361 g.m-2 respectively compared 1370 g.m-2 as weed infested. Nicosulfuron and 2,4-D+ MCPA reduced weed total dry weight significantly under irrigation withholding. GRAIN yield increased with application of nitrogen and nicosulfuron. GRAIN yield was higher with application of 2,4-D+ MCPA than nicosulfuron without nitrogen application under irrigation withholding. Application of nicosulfuron with nitrogen application provided satisfactory weed control and increased GRAIN yield.

In this research, 70-30 brass containing 0.25% Mn was prepared using a controlled atmosphere furnace and cast in a copper mould. Samples with 5×10×50 mm dimensions were cold rolled in order to reach 65% reduction. Then specimens were isothermally annealed at three different temperatures (600, 700 and 800oC) with different holding times between 2-60 minutes and were then cooled in 20oC water. Microstructural studies were executed using optical microscope. The average GRAIN area of 200-450 GRAINs was measured using Clemex image analyzer software. Results showed that addition of Mn to 70-30 brass had an impact on GRAIN boundaries atmosphere and also decreased its activation energy and consequently accelerated GRAIN GROWTH. Calculation of GROWTH activation energy within 500 and 700oC showed that GROWTH activation energy of Mn free brass was 171 kJ/mol while that for Mn containing alloy was 22.35 kJ/mol.

GRAIN size distribution during GRAIN GROWTH in austenitic stainless steels was investigated using three different methods, namely serial sectioning analysis, 3D Monte Carlo simulation, and Abbruzzese-Lucke statistical approach. The results showed that the volumetric GRAIN distribution can be well estimated by the log-normal and gamma distribution models for the low and high number of GRAINs, respectively. The abnormal GRAIN GROWTH was taken place in 304H steel during annealing, probably due to the presence of chromium carbide on the GRAIN boundaries within the initial microstructure. The segregation resulted from dissolution of these carbides decreased the GRAIN boundary mobility. A time-dependent equation was obtained for the mobility of GRAIN boundary in this steel after the estimation of chromium content in the GRAIN boundary areas. Moreover, a method was introduced for quantitative evaluation of the error during the measurement of GRAIN size using the metallographic cross sections.

Nanocrystalline Magnetic Hydroxyapatite (MHAp) was synthesized through co-precipitation method and the subsequent heat treatment. Phase analysis, particle morphology, chemical bonding, and magnetic properties were studied using XRD, FESEM, FTIR, and VSM, respectively. The XRD results showed that MHAp was formed by heat treatment at 1100 ° C. The samples heat-treated at 500 and 1100 ° C incorporated a plate-like morphology with a mean crystallite size of 11. 7 and 59. 9 nm, respectively. In addition, the VSM results indicated that the synthesized MHAp was characterized by magnetic features after heat treatment. According to the findings in this study, the coercive field (Hc), saturation magnetization (Ms), and magnetism stayed (Mr) were 0. 175 kOe, 0. 00147, and 0. 02615 emug-1, respectively, in-10 to 10 kOe magnetic field. The GROWTH kinetics of the MHAp was alo studied. According to the results, the GROWTH activation energies for low and high temperatures were 45. 51 and 67. 33 kJ/mol, respectively. Owing to several properties already proven, the MHAp powder was successfully synthesized.